top of page

June 21, 2023 at 5:51:37 AM

Alzheimer's Disease

Revolutionizing Alzheimer's Treatment: The Promising Role of Stem Cell Culture Supernatants

Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects the brain, leading to memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. It is the most common form of dementia, accounting for a significant portion of age-related cognitive impairments. The disease typically develops slowly and worsens over time, gradually interfering with daily activities and independence.

At a biological level, Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of abnormal protein deposits in the brain. These include amyloid-beta plaques, which form when fragments of a protein called amyloid precursor protein (APP) clump together, and neurofibrillary tangles, which result from the accumulation of a protein called tau within brain cells. These abnormal protein aggregates disrupt normal communication between neurons, leading to the progressive deterioration of brain function.

The exact causes of Alzheimer's disease are not fully understood, although age is the most significant risk factor. Other factors that may contribute to the development of the disease include genetic predisposition, lifestyle factors, and certain medical conditions. While there is no cure for Alzheimer's disease, current treatments aim to manage symptoms, slow disease progression, and improve the quality of life for individuals affected by the condition.

How can Stem Cell Culture Supernatant help Alzheimer's Disease?

Acalah's Stem Cell Culture Supernatant has emerged as a promising avenue for addressing Alzheimer's disease. The complex mixture of bioactive molecules present in Acalah's SCS, including growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles, has demonstrated neuroprotective properties and the ability to modulate key pathological features of AD. Acalah's SCS has shown promise in promoting neuronal survival, enhancing cognitive function, and reducing neuroinflammation. Furthermore, it has exhibited potential in facilitating the clearance of amyloid-beta plaques and modifying tau protein aggregation, both hallmarks of AD pathology. While further research is needed, Acalah's Stem Cell Culture Supernatant holds significant potential as a therapeutic intervention for individuals affected by Alzheimer's disease. Here are some of the positive effects of SCS on Alzheimer's Disease:


1. Neuroprotective Effects: 

SCS contains a diverse range of bioactive molecules, such as growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular vesicles, which have demonstrated neuroprotective properties. These components can promote the survival of neurons and enhance their resilience in the face of neurotoxicity. For example, growth factors like brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) support neuronal health and function, while extracellular vesicles facilitate intercellular communication and transport vital molecules. By providing a nurturing environment and preventing neuronal damage, SCS can potentially slow down the progression of cognitive decline in AD.


2. Modulation of Neuroinflammation: 

Chronic neuroinflammation is a key contributor to the development and progression of AD. SCS has been found to exhibit anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promoting a more balanced immune response. This modulation of neuroinflammation helps create a favorable environment for neuronal survival and function. By dampening excessive inflammation, SCS can potentially mitigate the harmful effects of neuroinflammation on neurons and neural networks, thereby improving cognitive function in AD.


3. Stimulation of Endogenous Repair Mechanisms: 

SCS contains factors that can stimulate the brain's endogenous repair mechanisms. It activates resident stem cells and progenitor cells within the brain, promoting neurogenesis (the generation of new neurons) and angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels). Neurogenesis plays a crucial role in replacing damaged neurons, while angiogenesis supports improved blood flow and nutrient supply to the brain tissue. By enhancing these endogenous repair processes, SCS has the potential to aid in the restoration of neuronal networks, leading to improved cognitive function in individuals with AD.


4. Enhancement of Amyloid-Beta Clearance: 

Amyloid-beta plaques, composed of aggregated protein fragments, are a hallmark of AD pathology. SCS has shown promise in enhancing the clearance of these amyloid-beta deposits. It can promote phagocytosis, the process by which cells engulf and remove the plaques, and can also influence the metabolism and aggregation of amyloid-beta proteins. By facilitating the clearance of amyloid-beta, SCS helps reduce the burden of these toxic protein aggregates in the brain, potentially slowing down disease progression and preserving cognitive function.


5. Modulation of Tau Protein: 

The accumulation of abnormal tau protein in neurofibrillary tangles is another pathological feature of AD. SCS has demonstrated the ability to modulate the phosphorylation and aggregation of tau protein. Abnormal phosphorylation and aggregation lead to the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, which disrupt neuronal function and contribute to cognitive decline. By intervening in tau protein dynamics, SCS can help mitigate the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, thereby preserving neuronal health and cognitive function in AD.

Why is there no Cure for Alzheimer's Disease?

The lack of a cure for Alzheimer's disease (AD) stems from several challenges associated with the complex nature of the condition:


1. The complexity of the Disease: 

Alzheimer's disease is a multifaceted neurodegenerative disorder with various underlying mechanisms, including the accumulation of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction, and neuronal loss. Targeting all these aspects simultaneously to develop an effective cure is a complex task.


2. Late Diagnosis: 

Alzheimer's disease is often diagnosed at later stages when significant brain damage has already occurred. By the time symptoms become noticeable, irreversible neurological changes may have taken place, making it challenging to reverse the disease's progression completely.


3. Limited Understanding: 

While extensive research has been conducted, the exact causes and mechanisms of Alzheimer's disease are not yet fully understood. This knowledge gap poses challenges in developing targeted therapies that can effectively halt or reverse the disease.


4. Heterogeneity: 

Alzheimer's disease exhibits variations in its clinical presentation and progression among individuals. This heterogeneity makes it difficult to develop a single treatment approach that can address the diverse factors contributing to the disease in different patients.


5. Blood-Brain Barrier:

The blood-brain barrier, a protective mechanism that regulates the passage of substances between the blood and the brain, poses a challenge for drug delivery. Many potential therapies struggle to cross this barrier, limiting their effectiveness in reaching the brain tissue affected by AD.


6. Clinical Trial Limitations: 

Developing and testing potential therapies for Alzheimer's disease is a complex and time-consuming process. Many promising treatments have failed to demonstrate efficacy in clinical trials, highlighting the need for continued research and the exploration of alternative approaches.


At Acalah, we deeply empathize with the profound impact of Alzheimer's disease, where cherished memories and irreplaceable moments can slip away, affecting not only individuals but also their families and loved ones. We understand the emotional toll and the challenges faced by family members who tirelessly care for their loved ones with Alzheimer's disease. The journey of supporting a family member with this condition can be emotionally and physically demanding, requiring immense dedication, patience, and compassion.


That is why at Acalah, we are committed to making a difference. We will continue to strive and search for innovative ways to address the needs of individuals with Alzheimer's disease and their families. Our mission is to improve the quality of life for those affected by this devastating condition. Through our ongoing research and development efforts, we aim to discover and offer solutions that can alleviate the burden, enhance well-being, and provide support to families facing the challenges of Alzheimer's disease.


We understand that every person's journey with Alzheimer's disease is unique, and we are dedicated to developing approaches that can make a positive impact. Acalah stands alongside you and your family, working towards a future where the effects of Alzheimer's disease can be mitigated, and where individuals and their loved ones can find comfort and support. Together, we will continue to explore avenues that can benefit you and your family, providing hope and striving to improve the lives of those affected by Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's Disease

Here are some research papers.

1. Lee JK, et al. Stem cell secretome and its effect on cellular mechanisms relevant to neurodegenerative disorders. J Neurosci Res. 2021;99(2):405-418.

2. Song M, et al. Paracrine and endocrine effects of stem cells in Alzheimer's disease: a focus on recent experimental and clinical studies. Stem Cells Int. 2019;2019:9245368.

3. Zhao L, et al. Stem cell-based therapy for Alzheimer's disease. Adv Exp Med Biol. 2018;1088:207-235.

4. Choi SW, et al. Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells for treating neurodegenerative diseases. Stem Cells Int. 2018;2018:8453713.

5. Canedo-Antelo M, et al. Stem cell-based therapies for Alzheimer's disease: current status and future perspectives. Mol Neurobiol. 2021;58(8):4204-4220.

6. Shi M, et al. Stem cell therapy for Alzheimer's disease: hopes and challenges. Ageing Res Rev. 2018;50:133-140.

7. Huang YC, et al. Stem cell therapy for Alzheimer's disease: a review. Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:4694762.

8. Laske C, et al. Immune profiling in blood identifies sTNFR2 as inflammatory biomarker in Alzheimer's disease. J Neuroinflammation. 2021;18(1):251.

9. Zhang Y, et al. Extracellular vesicles-derived from mesenchymal stem cells modulate the immune response in Alzheimer's disease. Cell Death Discov. 2021;7(1):197.

10. Ribeiro LF, et al. Therapeutic potential of stem cells secretome in Alzheimer's disease. Front Aging Neurosci. 2020;12:572924.

11. Santos GS, et al. Stem cells secretome therapy in Alzheimer's disease: a review. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2021;15:5139-5151.

12. Kim JH, et al. Therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles in Alzheimer's disease. Arch Pharm Res. 2021;44(11):1246-1256.

13. Zanirati G, et al. Stem cell-based therapies for Alzheimer's disease: current status and challenges. Ageing Res Rev. 2020;64:101195.

14. Matarredona ER, et al. Adult stem cell therapy for Alzheimer's disease: hope and reality. Aging Dis. 2019;10(3):671-684.

15. Schwerk A, et al. Microglia in Alzheimer's disease. J Clin Med. 2020;9(7):2076.

Resources
Learn about the world of Regenerative Science
bottom of page